Table 2.
Orphanhood and household socio-economic status
| Dataset | Mother deceased | Father deceased | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A electricity | ||||
| PSLSD1993 | −0.019 | (0.032) | −0.042 | (0.022) |
| OHS1995 | −0.034 | (0.023) | −0.03 | (0.015)* |
| CENSUS1996 | 0.009 | (0.004)** | −0.045 | (0.002)** |
| OHS1997 | 0.001 | (0.021) | −0.054 | (0.013)** |
| OHS1998 | 0.024 | (0.022) | −0.04 | (0.012)** |
| CENSUS2001 | 0.009 | (0.003)** | −0.044 | (0.002)** |
| GHS2002 | 0.01 | (0.019) | −0.057 | (0.014)** |
| GHS2003 | 0.003 | (0.02) | −0.045 | (0.015)** |
| GHS2004 | 0.036 | (0.019) | −0.039 | (0.015)** |
| GHS2005 | 0.015 | (0.017) | −0.036 | (0.015)* |
| Panel B logarithm of per capita expenditure | ||||
| PSLSD1993 | −0.071 | (0.064) | −0.145 | (0.038)** |
| OHS1995 | 0.04 | (0.041) | −0.227 | (0.027)** |
| CENSUS1996 | 0.139 | (0.022)** | −0.653 | (0.012)** |
| OHS1997 | 0.005 | (0.039) | −0.14 | (0.022)** |
| OHS1998 | −0.088 | (0.035)* | −0.112 | (0.021)** |
| CENSUS2001 | 0.123 | (0.014)** | −0.459 | (0.009)** |
| GHS2002 | −0.09 | (0.033)** | −0.18 | (0.027)** |
| GHS2003 | 0.005 | (0.036) | −0.246 | (0.027)** |
| GHS2004 | −0.059 | (0.033) | −0.229 | (0.027)** |
| GHS2005 | 0.005 | (0.032) | −0.232 | (0.032)** |
| Panel C piped water | ||||
| PSLSD1993 | −0.027 | (0.039) | −0.038 | (0.026) |
| OHS1995 | −0.023 | (0.024) | −0.035 | (0.015)* |
| CENSUS1996 | 0.016 | (0.003)** | −0.047 | (0.002)** |
| OHS1997 | 0.043 | (0.022)* | −0.066 | (0.013)** |
| OHS1998 | 0.053 | (0.022)* | −0.057 | (0.012)** |
| CENSUS2001 | 0.011 | (0.003)** | −0.053 | (0.002)** |
| GHS2002 | 0.004 | (0.02) | −0.065 | (0.014)** |
| GHS2003 | 0.024 | (0.021) | −0.069 | (0.015)** |
| GHS2004 | 0.009 | (0.021) | −0.028 | (0.015) |
| GHS2005 | 0.061 | (0.020)** | −0.051 | (0.015)** |
| Panel D toilet | ||||
| PSLSD1993 | 0.002 | (0.037) | −0.019 | (0.023) |
| OHS1995 | −0.013 | (0.024) | −0.037 | (0.015)* |
| CENSUS1996 | −0.008 | (0.003)** | −0.036 | (0.002)** |
| OHS1997 | 0.052 | (0.022)* | −0.014 | (0.013) |
| OHS1998 | 0.006 | (0.022) | −0.016 | (0.012) |
| CENSUS2001 | 0.017 | (0.003)** | −0.034 | (0.002)** |
| GHS2002 | 0.009 | (0.019) | −0.037 | (0.014)** |
| GHS2003 | 0.031 | (0.021) | −0.041 | (0.015)** |
| GHS2004 | −0.027 | (0.019) | −0.03 | (0.014)* |
| GHS2005 | −0.003 | (0.019) | −0.037 | (0.016)* |
*
significant at 5%;
**
significant at 1%
Each row presents selected coefficients and standard errors in parentheses from a single regression.
A full set of indicators for age, an indicator for sex and indicators that parents’ vital status is missing included in all regressions.