Table 7. Educational attainment of Africans aged 8 to 17. Parent’s vital status and residency.
| Dataset | Foster child | Single orphan living with surviving parent |
“Virtual” double orphan |
Double orphan | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A - No household controls | ||||||||
| PSLSD1993 | −0.177 | (0.070)* | −0.128 | (0.098) | −0.077 | (0.132) | −0.635 | (0.244)** |
| OHS1995 | −0.216 | (0.043)** | −0.026 | (0.046) | −0.39 | (0.088)** | −0.347 | (0.106)** |
| CENSUS2001 | −0.122 | (0.006)** | −0.134 | (0.009)** | −0.26 | (0.009)** | −0.432 | (0.020)** |
| GHS2002 | −0.218 | (0.036)** | −0.137 | (0.050)** | −0.378 | (0.053)** | −0.451 | (0.086)** |
| GHS2003 | −0.155 | (0.041)** | −0.158 | (0.056)** | −0.375 | (0.057)** | −0.524 | (0.097)** |
| GHS2004 | −0.144 | (0.040)** | −0.211 | (0.063)** | −0.245 | (0.059)** | −0.358 | (0.076)** |
| GHS2005 | −0.179 | (0.042)** | −0.216 | (0.056)** | −0.373 | (0.061)** | −0.349 | (0.071)** |
| Average | −0.173 | −0.144 | −0.300 | −0.442 | ||||
| Panel B - Household controls | ||||||||
| PSLSD1993 | −0.21 | (0.076)** | −0.092 | (0.1) | −0.134 | (0.172) | −0.697 | (0.291)* |
| OHS1995 | −0.127 | (0.043)** | 0.007 | (0.046) | −0.302 | (0.083)** | −0.279 | (0.104)** |
| CENSUS2001 | −0.084 | (0.007)** | −0.063 | (0.011)** | −0.203 | (0.012)** | −0.413 | (0.024)** |
| GHS2002 | −0.12 | (0.036)** | −0.06 | (0.049) | −0.218 | (0.052)** | −0.405 | (0.081)** |
| GHS2003 | −0.035 | (0.042) | −0.065 | (0.056) | −0.236 | (0.054)** | −0.442 | (0.093)** |
| GHS2004 | −0.048 | (0.039) | −0.07 | (0.053) | −0.144 | (0.057)* | −0.296 | (0.076)** |
| GHS2005 | −0.117 | (0.042)** | −0.139 | (0.052)** | −0.285 | (0.058)** | −0.33 | (0.071)** |
| Average | −0.106 | −0.069 | −0.217 | −0.409 | ||||
| Panel C - Household fixed effects | ||||||||
| PSLSD1993 | −0.202 | (0.083)* | 0.16 | (0.163) | 0.06 | (0.164) | −0.566 | (0.282)* |
| OHS1995 | −0.149 | (0.065)* | −0.091 | (0.087) | −0.154 | (0.098) | −0.412 | (0.131)** |
| CENSUS2001 | −0.195 | (0.011)** | −0.038 | (0.02) | −0.26 | (0.015)** | −0.441 | (0.026)** |
| GHS2002 | −0.145 | (0.054)** | −0.164 | (0.079)* | −0.273 | (0.069)** | −0.262 | (0.104)* |
| GHS2003 | −0.196 | (0.056)** | −0.201 | (0.084)* | −0.351 | (0.070)** | −0.627 | (0.103)** |
| GHS2004 | −0.202 | (0.056)** | 0.165 | (0.079)* | −0.179 | (0.070)* | −0.454 | (0.088)** |
| GHS2005 | −0.009 | (0.051) | 0.088 | (0.074) | −0.227 | (0.064)** | −0.26 | (0.077)** |
| Average | −0.157 | −0.012 | −0.198 | −0.432 | ||||
*
significant at 5%;
**
significant at 1%.
Each row presents selected coefficients and standard errors in parentheses from a single regression.
A full set of indicators for age, an indicator for sex and indicators that parents’ vital status is missing included in all regressions. Reference category is a child with two living parents co-residing with at least one parent.