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Adhesive characteristics of silk hydrogels measured by DMA transient testing. (a) Engineering normal stress-strain curves for silk solution (+), e-gels (◇: no oil, ○: with oil) and pH-gels (◻: no oil, Δ: with oil) on stainless steel surfaces. Left inset shows the low strain response. Right inset shows the dependence of work of adhesion values for pH-gels on proton molarity.
