The underlying causes of CLD-related deaths (N = 688). CLD was identified by ICD-9 codes 571 and 572, and by ICD-10 codes K70, K72, K74, K75, and K76, including all subordinate codes. Deaths were considered “CLD-related” when CLD was identified either as the underlying cause or as an intervening or contributing cause of death in vital statistics data. The ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for other underlying causes shown were as follows: HCV = 070.4, 70.5, B17.1, B18.2; CLD = 571.0–571.3, 571.8, 571.9, K70.09, K74.6; PLC = 155.0, 155.2, C22.0, C22.2, C22.9; HBV = 070.2–070.3, B16.0–16.9, B18.0–B18.1; HIV = 042–044, B20–B23. Total >100% due to rounding. CLD, chronic liver disease/cirrhosis; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; PLC, primary liver cancer.