Angular dependences of the reflectivity (solid symbols) and the simultaneously measured fluorescence intensities (open symbols) for C-ELPs grafted on COOH-(EG)6 NHS ester SAMs with different graft densities. The black, red, and green curves represent the EG6-COOH NHS ester SAM substrate prior to the injection of the ELP solution, after assembly of the labeled C-ELP brushes, and after the completion of the assembly process by unlabeled ELPs, respectively. The graft thickness of labeled C-ELP after step 1 is d=0.05 nm (a), and 0.6 nm (b), respectively.