Cells from clonal raphidophyte cultures used in this study: (a) Chattonella antiqua, (b) C. ovata, (c) C. marina, (d) C. subsalsa (Japan), (e) C. subsalsa (Delaware), (f) C. subsalsa (Salton Sea), (g) C. subsalsa (Sardinia), (h) C. subsalsa (Texas), (i) Fibrocapsa japonica (South Carolina), (j) Heterosigma akashiwo (Japan), (k) H. akashiwo North Carolina, (l) H. akashiwo (Milford). Scale bars: a, b=50 μm, c–i=30 μm, j–l=20μm.