Table 1. Univariate analysis of probability of having recent acute HEV infection, world cruise ship passengers, 2008, by participant characteristics*.

Characteristic	HEV negative	HEV positive	OR	95% CI	p value
Age group, y (n = 526)
<70	283	18	1.00	Baseline
>70	210	15	1.12	0.55–2.28	0.749†
Gender (n = 526)
M	224	25	1.00	Baseline
F	269	8	0.31	0.14–0.69	0.002†
Past or present alcohol consumption (n = 523)
No	49	0	1.00	Baseline	49
Yes	442	32	5.01	0.87–‡	0.061§
Amount of alcohol consumed (n = 415)
Below recommended	349	23	1.00	Baseline
Above recommended	37	6	2.46	0.97–6.26	0.058†

*HEV, hepatitis E virus; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. n values indicate number of responses received in each category.
†χ² test.
‡No upper limit.
§Fisher exact test.