Table 3.

Typical coordination structures of siderophores (adapted from [112]).

Siderophore	Coordination with Fe(III)
Amphibactins	Through the hydroxamate groups
Aquachelins, marinobactins, ochrobactins, synechobactins	Through the oxygen atoms of each hydroxamate group and both oxygen atoms of the β-hydroxy aspartic acid (in the aquachelins and marinobactins) or of the citric acid (in the ochrobactins and synechobactins)
Alterobactins and pseudoalterobactins	Through the β-hydroxy aspartate moieties and a catecholate group
Petrobactin and sulfonate derivatives	Through the catecholates and the α-hydroxy acid portion of the citrate backbone