Table 4.
Summary on case reports between 1983 and 2009 on TTX-poisoned patients.
| Study | Cases | Grade | TTX (nM)a | Hypotension | Sinus bradycardia | ECG | Artificial respiration | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [82] | 3 | 1–2 | no | no | no | oxygen saturation 96–99% | ||
| [76,81] | 4 | 1–2 | 4.5–21.1 | no or mild | no | normal | no | mild hypercapnia |
| [83] | 16 | 1–2 | no | eight patients had hypertension | ||||
| [84] | 3 | 1–2 | no | no | ||||
| [75] | 177 | 1–3 | no | no | all recovered completely | |||
| [85] | 6 | 1–3 | no | |||||
| [70] | 1 | 2–3 | yes | yes | normalb | no | hypoxemia, diabetes mellitusc | |
| [74] | 1 | 2–3 | no | no | no | normal arterial pO2 | ||
| [86] | 4 | 2–3 | no | intermittentd | normal | no | normal blood pressure, no hypoxia | |
| [77,80] | 11 | 2–3 | <5–5 (grade 2) | no | no | yes (grade 3) | no cardiovascular effects, no fatalities | |
| [87] | 1 | 3 | no | yes | normal | yes | reduced sensory and motor conduction velocities, decrease in evoked amplitudes | |
| [88] | 1 | 3 | no | no | normal | yes | decreased arterial pO2 | |
| [76,81] | 1 | 3 | 28.6 | yes | no | normal | yes | |
| [83] | 1 | 3–4 | hypertensionc | no | Yes (cyanosis) | diabetes mellitusc, renal failure and death (intoxication by molluscs) | ||
| [89] | 1 | 4 | yes | stable cardiovascular status after cardiopulmonary resuscitation; TTX-induced cranial diabetes insipidus | ||||
| [65,66] | 1 | 4 | 77/83 | no | no | normal | yes | non-excitability of sensory and motor nerves |
| [85] | 1 | 4 | yes | no | yes | cardiac arrest before admission to the ED, resuscitation to sinus rhythm, patient died | ||
| [76,81] | 1 | 4 | 40.6 | yes | yes | AV block | yes | diabetes mellitusc, full cardiac arrest, spontaneous circulation after resuscitation, but patient died due to multi-organ failure |
| [78] | 1 | 4 | 114 | yes | yes | normal | yes | hypothermia, blood gases were unremarkable |
| [79] | 1 | 4 | 164 | yes | yes | complete block of motor nerve conduction | ||
| [75] | 68 | 4 | Yes (14/68) | Yes (all) | five fatalities, one patient with brain damage | |||
| [62] | 83 | 1–4 | 5–43 e | seven fatal cases (respiratory arrest) | ||||
| [63] | 37 | 1–4 | eight fatalities | |||||
| [64] | 53 | 1–4 | eight fatalities | |||||
| [90] | 40 | 1–4 | no fatalities |