Table 2.

Comparison of disaccharide analyses of diseased vs healthy tissue

	Human			Human		Rat	Mouse	Porcine
Disaccharide	HCC ± SD (n=7)	Non-fibrotic peritumoral liver ± SD (n=7)	Healthy liver ± SD (n=1)	Healthy livera	HepG2 HCC cell lineb	Healthy liverc	Healthy liver (male)d	Healthy livere
ΔHexA-GlcNAc	50.4 ± 2.2	48.9 ± 0.9	49.2	37.3	46.1	31.4	50.9	47.9
ΔHexA-GlcNS	22.5 ± 1.2	20.6 ± 1.2	19.8	15.5	22.9	18.0	10.2	10.8
ΔHexA-GlcNAc(6S)	7.8 ± 1.5	11.6 ± 1.2	11.4	9.8	9.9	6.2	12.4	10.2
ΔHexA(2S)-GlcNAc	1.1 ± 0.4	1.2 ± 0.4	2.3	1.2	2.9	1.2	ND	0
ΔHexA-GlcNS(6S)	3.6 ± 0.8	4.8 ± 0.6	4.6	7.8	6.5	7.1	5.1	5.6
ΔHexA(2S)-GlcNS	7.8 ± 1.2	6.4 ± 0.9	6.1	5.9	4.4	14.4	4.4	4.4
ΔHexA(2S)-GlcNAc(6S)	ND	ND	ND	0.7	0.6	0.5	<0.5	0.0
ΔHexA(2S)-GlcNS(6S)	6.5 ± 1.2	6.2 ± 0.6	6.6	21.8	6.7	21.2	17.0	21.2
Sulfate
N-sulfates	40.5 ± 2.2	38.2 ± 2	37.1	51.0	40.5	60.7	36.7	42.0
2-O-sulfates	15.4 ± 1.8	13.9 ± 1.1	15.1	29.6	14.6	37.3	21.4	25.6
6-O-sulfates	18.0 ± 2.9**	22.7 ± 1.1**	22.6	40.1	23.7	35.0	34.5	37.0
Total O-sulfates	33.5 ± 3.7*	36.7 ± 0.7*	37.7	69.7	38.3	72.3	55.9	62.6
Total sulfates	74.0 ± 5.2	75.0 ± 2.1	74.8	120.7	78.8	133.0	92.6	104.6

^aData from Vongchan et al. (2005).

^bData from Barth et al. (2003).

^cData from Deakin and Lyon (2008).

^dData from Warda et al. (2006).

^eData from Toida et al. (1997).

^*Difference significant at p=0.048.

^**Difference significant at p=0.002.

Disaccharide analyses of HS from peritumoral non-fibrotic liver tissue and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with that from healthy liver of human, rat, mouse, and porcine origin. ΔHexA corresponds to the 4,5-unsaturated uronate residue, of either glucuronate or iduronate origin, that is generated by the lyase action of the heparinases. SD, standard deviation; ND, not determined.