Figure 1.

Leptin, appetite, and caloric intake. Subjects consumed a breakfast until absolute satiety to ensure that postprandial assessments were not affected by differences in postprandial satiety. For 5 h thereafter, the leptin area under the curve (AUC, mg min/mL) was significantly higher in heart transplantation patients than in control or heart failure patients. Despite higher leptin, hunger was no different in heart transplantation patients compared with control or heart failure patients. At the ad lib lunch meal, when subjects were neither encouraged nor dissuaded to eat, caloric intake was significantly and dramatically higher in heart transplantation patients than in heart failure patients, and similar to controls. Hunger was measured on a 0–10 visual analogue scale. X-sect, cross-sectional; long, longitudinal.