Table 1.
Standardized regression coefficients (B) for distress and clinical depression on A1C and self-care behavior
| A1C | Diet | Physical activity | Medication adherence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1 | ||||||||
| Age (years) | −0.24‡ | 0.13† | −0.01 | 0.21‡ | ||||
| Sex (0 = male; 1 = female) | 0.03 | 0.03 | −0.19‡ | −0.07 | ||||
| Ethnicity (0 = nonwhite; 1 = white) | 0.12† | −0.04 | −0.002 | −0.08 | ||||
| Education (years) | −0.03 | −0.01 | 0.08 | −0.03 | ||||
| Insulin (0 = no; 1 = yes) | 0.27‡ | −0.03 | −0.03 | −0.006 | ||||
| Step 2 | Binary PHQ8 | Continuous PHQ8 | Binary PHQ8 | Continuous PHQ8 | Binary PHQ8 | Continuous PHQ8 | Binary PHQ8 | Continuous PHQ8 |
| DDS | 0.31‡ | 0.30‡ | −0.38‡ | −0.34‡ | −0.13† | −0.13† | −0.16‡ | −0.11* |
| PHQ8 | −0.08 | −0.03 | −0.11† | −0.19‡ | −0.03 | 0.02 | 0.12† | −0.21‡ |
A1C, diet, physical activity, and medication adherence are dependent variables in separate hierarchical multiple regression equations. Each was run twice: PHQ8 was entered into Step 2 as either a binary or a continuous variable. Step 1 data are the same in both analyses with the same dependent variable.
*P = 0.05;
†P = 0.01;
‡P = 0.00.