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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 22.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009 Jan 21;33(5):699–771. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.01.004

Figure 1. Amygdala-Centric Model of Potential Pathophysiological Changes in BD and MDD.

Figure 1

Lesions (red crosses) to the ventromedial, orbital PFC or basal ganglia may abrogate top-down control over the amygdala and deeper limbic structures (gray and purple lines). A similar PFC-limbic disconnection effect may result from white matter pathology (pink crosses). Alternatively, functional hypersensitivity of deeper limbic structures and/or the amygdala may disrupt prefrontal emotional regulation (black lines).