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. 2010 May 1;60(574):334–340. doi: 10.3399/bjgp10X501822

Table 5.

Association between reporting individual sleep symptomsa and a recorded mood or insomnia consultation or prescription in the following 12 months.

Reported symptoms n Consultation or prescription,bn (%) ORc (95% CI) ORd (95% CI) ORe (95% CI)
Self-report no anxiety or depression

Trouble falling asleep
 No 1073 90 (8) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 43 10 (23) 3.31 (1.58 to 6.94) 3.27 (1.54 to 6.15) 3.18 (1.27 to 8.00)
Wakes up several times
 No 944 78 (8) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 158 21 (13) 1.70 (1.02 to 2.85) 1.46 (0.85 to 2.51) 1.10 (0.52 to 2.32)
Trouble staying asleep
 No 1011 87 (9) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 77 13 (17) 2.16 (1.14 to 4.07) 1.92 (1.00 to 3.67) 1.06 (0.38 to 2.90)
Wakes feeling tired and worn out
 No 1020 92 (9) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 89 10 (11) 1.28 (0.64 to 2.55) 1.19 (0.58 to 2.45) 0.97 (0.45 to 2.13)

Self-report anxiety or depression

Trouble falling asleep
 No 683 189 (28) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 214 86 (40) 1.76 (1.27 to 2.42) 1.56 (1.10 to 2.21) 1.30 (0.85 to 2.00)
Wakes up several times
 No 513 134 (26) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 383 142 (37) 1.67 (1.25 to 2.22) 1.58 (1.16 to 2.14) 1.61 (1.06 to 2.45)
Trouble staying asleep
 No 590 173 (29) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 279 98 (35) 1.31 (0.96 to 1.77) 1.24 (0.90 to 1.70) 0.58 (0.36 to 0.95)
Wakes tired and worn out
 No 577 148 (26) 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 326 132 (41) 1.97 (1.48 to 7.64) 1.93 (1.41 to 2.63) 1.84 (1.30 to 2.62)
a

Defined as ‘most nights’.

b

Defined as anxiety, depression, or insomnia consultation or prescription for antidepressant, hypnotic, or anxiolytic.

c

Unadjusted.

d

Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic class, and number of areas of pain.

e

Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic class, number of areas of pain, and other insomnia symptoms.