Table 3. Elephant dung density (Dung piles/km2) and individual elephant density (Inds/km2) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and percent coefficient of variation (%CV) for each survey stratum and for the landscape.
| Survey stratum | L (km) | No. Dung piles | Dung piles/km2 [95% CI] | Inds/km2 [95% CI] | %CV1 |
| NNNP | 40.0 | 165 | 551.0 [407.3–745.3] | 0.55 [0.40–0.75] | 15.2 |
| Kabo FMU | 30.0 | 182 | 616.8 [405.4–938.6] | 0.61 [0.40–0.94] | 20.4 |
| Pokola FMU | 41.0 | 211 | 697.9 [406.8–1197.4] | 0.70 [0.40–1.20] | 26.7 |
| Loundougou FMU | 35.7 | 96 | 333.8 [161.5–689.8] | 0.33 [0.16–0.69] | 35.8 |
| Mokabi | 29.0 | 22 | 22.2 [7.1–69.6] | 0.02 [0.007–0.06] | 57.5 |
| Bailly | 48.0 | 161 | 432.4 [183.9–1016.7] | 0.43 [0.18–1.0] | 43.4 |
| LTCR2 | 106.0 | 5 | 9.61 [3.3–28.3] | 0.009 [0.003–0.03] | 59.8 |
| Ndoki-Likouala Landscape | 329.7 | 842 | 397.6 [298.3–529.9] | 0.40 [0.29–0.53] | 15.0 |
Also shown is the total survey effort (L) and the total number of dung piles counted before truncation (No. Dung piles).
1
% CV calculated for individual density incorporates variance of dung decay and defecation rates.
2
Abundance estimate for LTCR was calculated by summing the abundance estimates from each habitat stratum. The density estimate for the whole LTCR is an average of the habitat-stratum specific densities weighted by stratum area. Log-based confidence intervals for abundance and density estimates were estimated from the components contributing to the variance for each habitat stratum using the delta method, and accounting for dependence due to the common detection function and sign creation and decay rates.