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mRNA levels of the three inflammatory markers ICAM-1, IL-8, and MCP-1 in human aortic endothelial cells incubated for 4 h with ceria particles. Each mRNA value was normalized to the corresponding GAPDH value. Ratios relative to control cells (no particles) are shown. Data are mean ± SEM from three independent experiments run in duplicates. Asterisk denotes statistically significant mRNA level increase relative to control cells (p < .05).
