Table 4.
All regions of activation showing a Condition X Time interaction in analyses of each age group separately.
| Effect Hemi BA | Anat Area | x | y | z | Max F | # vox |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YOUNG ADULTS (p < 10 −13, 6 contiguous voxels) | ||||||
| Self Areas | ||||||
| HA > DO > C | ||||||
| M 10, 32, 9 | medial frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex |
−1 | 51 | 4 | 12.53 | 131 |
| HA = DO > C | ||||||
| M 7, 31, 40, (23) | precuneus, cingulate/cuneus (posterior cingulate) |
−7 | −67 | 31 | 26.90 | 578 |
| Control Areas | ||||||
| C > HA = DO | ||||||
| B 37, 19, 20 | inferior and middle temporal, middle occipital gyri |
52 | −56 | −7 | 18.58 | 66 |
| −51 | −60 | −7 | 19.20 | 87 | ||
| R 46/45 | middle, inferior frontal gyri | 45 | 36 | 17 | 10.33 | 21 |
| R 6, 44, (9) | middle frontal, inferior frontal, inferior precentral sulcus |
46 | 7 | 31 | 10.90 | 33 |
| L 40, 2 | inferior parietal lobule, postcentral gyrus |
−57 | −29 | 44 | 14.17 | 98 |
|
| ||||||
| OLDER ADULTS (p < .0001, 6 contiguous voxels) | ||||||
| Self Areas | ||||||
| HA = DO > C | ||||||
| M 10, 32 | medial frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex |
−8 | 47 | 8 | 3.98 | 15 |
| M 7, (29, 23) | precuneus, parietal occipital sulcus, (posterior cingulate) |
−7 | −70 | 31 | 12.50 | 370 |
| Control Areas | ||||||
| C > HA = DO | ||||||
| L 21, 37, 22 | middle, inferior, superior temporal gyri |
−54 | −56 | −7 | 8.80 | 166 |
| R 37, 19 | middle, inferior temporal gyri | 49 | −53 | −2 | 4.81 | 36 |
| R 22, 42 | superior, transverse temporal gyri |
49 | −15 | 4 | 4.27 | 17 |
| R 46, 45 | middle, inferior frontal gyri | 45 | 33 | 17 | 3.92 | 10 |
| L 6/44 | inferior frontal, precentral gyri | −49 | 4 | 30 | 3.67 | 10 |
| L 19 | superior occipital gyrus | −38 | −86 | 31 | 4.02 | 17 |
| R 40 | intraparietal sulcus, (supramarginal gyrus) |
38 | −44 | 39 | 3.59 | 10 |
| C > HA > DO | ||||||
| R 40, 22 | superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, (supramarginal gyrus) |
49 | −46 | 18 | 3.64 | 15 |
| C > DO * | ||||||
| L 40, 42, (2) | inferior parietal lobule, postcentral, (superior temporal) gyri |
−65 | −35 | 27 | 5.92 | 202 |
Notes. Thresholds were chosen for each group that allowed interpretable regions of activation to be identified; as would be expected based on the attenuated condition differences demonstrated by older adults, the threshold used for the older adults was lower than that used for the young adults. Subregions of the bolded areas for older adults survived thresholding at the same level used for the young adults, p < 10 −13. Subsequent analyses between the conditions within each age group were conducted on mean percent signal change at times (images) 5-7 from time (image) 1 in each condition. C-control condition; HA-hopes and aspirations condition; DO-duties and obligations condition. Talairach coordinates (x, y, z) are given for the peak voxel within the region of activation. Hemi-hemisphere; B-bilateral; L-left, M-medial, R-right; BA-Brodmann Area;
vox-number of voxels in the cluster. BA and anatomical areas are listed in descending order of approximate size, with approximately equal areas of activation indicated by a slash; parentheses indicate a small extent relative to other areas listed.
Although C > DO only, DO = HA; perhaps with more power we may have picked up the C > HA difference.