Table 1.
no. | catalyst | method | time (h) | yield (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | oil bath | 24 | 1a–4b | |
2 | US | 5 | 2a–2b | |
3 | CuSO4/ascorbic acid | oil bath | 0.5 | 78 |
4 | Cu2O | oil bath | 24 | 90 |
5 | Cu2O | US | 5 | 71 |
6 | Cu wires | oil bath | 24 | 52 |
7 | Cu wires | USc | 2 | 64 |
8 | Cu wires | US | 2 | 85 |
9 | Cu turnings | oil bath | 12 | 76 |
10 | Cu turnings | MW | 2 | 39 |
11 | Cu turnings | US | 1.5 | 89 |
12 | Cu turnings | USd | 2 | 25 |
13 | Cu turnings | MW/US | 1 | 95 |
14 | Cu turnings | MW/USe | 1 | 85 |
Isomer 1,4.
Isomer 1,5.
US 80W, without oil bath.
Depassivated metal.
Reaction carried out under nitrogen.