TABLE 2.
Univariate Analysis of Factors Associated With HIV-1 RNA >400 cp/ml at Delivery by History of HAART Exposure Prior to Pregnancy
| Characteristic | All women | p-value | HAART experienced | p-value | HAART naïve | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%)detectable HIV RNA* | N (%)detectable HIV RNA* | N (%)detectable HIV RNA* | ||||
| Overall detection rate | 201/630 (32) | N/A | 136/364 (37) | N/A | 65/266 (24) | N/A |
| HAART prior to pregnancy | 0.001 | ------- | N/A | ------- | N/A | |
| Experienced | 136/364 (37) | |||||
| Naïve | 65/266 (24) | |||||
| Age at delivery** | 0.013 | 0.009 | 0.073 | |||
| <30 years | 133/372 (36) | 82/187 (44) | 51/185 (28) | |||
| ≥30 years | 68/258 (26) | 54/177 (31) | 14/81 (17) | |||
| Race/Ethnicity | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.085 | |||
| White | 7/47 (15) | 6/34 (18) | 1/13 (8) | |||
| Black | 123/361 (34) | 80/205 (39) | 43/156 (28) | |||
| Hispanic | 59/199 (30) | 42/112 (38) | 17/87 (20) | |||
| Insurance status | 0.015 | 0.14 | 0.12 | |||
| Public | 173/507 (34) | 119/305 (39) | 54/202 (27) | |||
| Private/Other | 28/123 (23) | 17/59 (29) | 11/64 (17) | |||
| Parity | 0.13 | 0.51 | 0.59 | |||
| Nulliparous | 42/157 (27) | 21/63 (33) | 21/94 (22) | |||
| Parous | 156/469 (33) | 113/299 (38) | 43/170 (25) | |||
| Maternal illicit drug use | 0.016 | 0.22 | 0.030 | |||
| No illicit drug use | 149/504 (30) | 101/284 (36) | 48/220 (22) | |||
| Illicit drug use | 51/125 (41) | 34/79 (43) | 17/46 (37) | |||
| Timing of HIV diagnosis | 0.001 | N/A | 0.045 | |||
| Antenatal | 35/168 (21) | *** | 33/164 (20) | |||
| Prepregnancy | 161/454 (35) | ---- | 31/100 (31) | |||
| HIV-1 RNA at enrollment** | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Undetectable (<400 cp/ml) | 39/295 (13) | 25/170 (15) | 14/125 (11) | |||
| Detectable (≥ 400 cp/ml) | 162/335 (48) | 111/194 (57) | 51/141 (36) | |||
| HAART regimen | 0.051 | 0.081 | 0.32 | |||
| PI with ritonavir | 37/109 (34) | 30/81 (37) | 7/28 (25) | |||
| PI without ritonavir | 137/402 (34) | 86/207 (42) | 51/195 (26) | |||
| NNRTI | 18/87 (21) | 13/55 (24) | 5/32 (16) | |||
| NRTI | 5/25 (20) | 5/18 (28) | 0/7 (0) | |||
| Year of Enrollment | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.063 | |||
| 1998/1999 | 56/116 (48) | 32/53 (60) | 24/63 (38) | |||
| 2000 | 45/117 (38) | 32/64 (50) | 13/53 (25) | |||
| 2001 | 38/95 (40) | 29/59 (49) | 9/36 (25) | |||
| 2002 | 23/94 (24) | 20/64 (31) | 3/30 (10) | |||
| 2003 | 17/87 (20) | 10/54 (19) | 7/33 (21) | |||
| 2004 | 17/92 (18) | 9/53 (17) | 8/39 (21) | |||
| 2005 | 5/29 (17) | 4/17 (24) | 1/12 (8) |
*
Percentage reflects women with detectable HIV viral load within each category (e.g. black women with detectable viral load/all black women)
**
All numerical cutpoints (age, years of HIV diagnosis and enrollment) are derived from the median value
***
4 women were diagnosed during pregnancy, but were classified as HAART-experienced because they were already on medications prior to enrollment in the WITS.