Table 2.
Summary of VOCs (mean ± SD in ppb) at six locations in Yokohama city
| VOCs | Locations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Industrial | Residential | Commercial | ||||
| Name | Negishi | Honmoku | Shiohama | Minezawa | Tsurumi | Sakuragicho | |
| Site | Site 1 (n = 8) | Site 2 (n = 8) | Site 3 (n = 8) | Site 4 (n = 8) | Site 6 (n = 8) | Site 5 (n = 8) | |
| Ethane | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 6.7 ± 5.3 | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 1.3 | |
| Propane | 5.5 ± 5.7 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 24.7 ± 55 | 1.9 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 5.3 | 2.8 ± 2.0 | |
| Isobutane | 2.1 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 2.3 | 4.6 ± 3.4 | 0.9 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 3.1 | |
| n-Butane | 5.3 ± 4.2 | 3.5 ± 4.1 | 6.0 ± 4.4 | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 1.3 | 3.8 ± 6.6 | |
| Isopentane | 7.2 ± 8.0 | 3.4 ± 4.8 | 3.7 ± 3.1 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 4.2 ± 7.7 | |
| n-Pentane | 3.2 ± 3.2 | 1.8 ± 2.9 | 2.6 ± 3.0 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 3.1 | |
| 2-Methyl pentane | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 1.8 ± 3.1 | 1.2 ± 1.4 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 1.3 | |
| 3-Methyl pentane | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | |
| n-Hexane | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 1.9 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | |
| Methylcyclopentane | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 1.7 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | |
| n-Heptane | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| n-Octane | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.05 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | |
| n-Nonane | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| n-Decane | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.05 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| n-Undecane | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| n-Dodecane | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | |
| n-Tridecane | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | |
| n-Tetradecane | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| Ethylene | 3.9 ± 3.4 | 4.0 ± 2.5 | 11.2 ± 6.9 | 3.0 ± 1.9 | 4.8 ± 3.2 | 5.0 ± 4.1 | |
| Acetylene | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 1.8 | 2.9 ± 3.1 | |
| Propylene | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 3.1 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 5.1 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 1.4 | |
| 1,Isobutene | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 3.0 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | |
| Benzene | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 2.7 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | |
| Toluene | 3.1 ± 1.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 5.2 ± 5.7 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 1.5 | 2.2 ± 1.4 | |
| Ethyl benzene | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 3.7 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | |
| m,p-Xylene | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 2.3 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | |
| o-Xylene | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | |
| m-Ethyl toluene | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| p-Ethyl toluene | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| o-Ethyl toluene | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.05 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | |
| 1,3,5-Trimethyl benzene | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.05 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | |
| 1,2,4-Trimethyl benzene | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | |
| Napthalene | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | |
| Ethylacetate | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | |
| Methylethylketone | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | |
| n-Nonylaldehyde | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | |
| Trichloroethylene | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | |
| Tetrachloroethylene | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.05 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | |
| p-Dichlorobenzene | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.15 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | |