Table 1.
Demographics, Medical History, and Baseline Medication Usage According to Participants' Cognitive Status
| Characteristic | Preserved Cognition (n = 1,283) | Incident Cognitive Impairment (n = 275) | Test Statistic* (Degrees of Freedom) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD | 77.0 ± 6.2 | 80.6 ± 7.2 | −7.58 (366) | <.001 |
| Female, % | 66.4 | 66.5 | 0.06 | 1.00 |
| Education, years, mean ± SD | 10.1 ± 2.9 | 9.1 ± 3.2 | 5.00 (375) | <.001 |
| Baseline cognitive score, mean ± SD† | 31.3 ± 1.5 | 30.5 ± 1.9 | 6.36 (355) | <.001 |
| Regular alcohol use, % | 41.0 | 35.6 | 0.01 | .10 |
| Hypertension, % | 65.6 | 65.5 | 0.06 | 1.00 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 26.7 | 21.5 | 0.01 | .08 |
| Stroke, % | 10.6 | 11.6 | 0.07 | .59 |
| Depression, % | 7.5 | 9.8 | 0.04 | .22 |
| Antihyperlipidemia use, % | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.19 | 1.00 |
| Antiplatelet use, % | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.30 | .69 |
| Aspirin use, % | 8.2 | 7.3 | 0.09 | .71 |
| Benzodiazepine use, % | 2.6 | 2.2 | 0.16 | .83 |
| Medications with definite central anticholinergic activities use, % | 8.7 | 10.9 | 0.04 | .25 |
*
Approximate t statistics for continuous values; table probability from Fisher exact test for categorical values.
†
From the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia.
SD = standard deviation.