Table 1. Rendering times (in milliseconds) of the three convolution algorithms as a function of fluorophore count.

# fluorophores	Billboarding algorithm	Gather algorithm	Fourier algorithm
64 × 64 image of a single specimen
50,000	242.1	112.0	125.7
100,000	483.5	217.5	133.2
200,000	964.8	429.5	146.7
400,000	1,932.0	852.9	174.3
800,000	3,857.8	1,711.5	231.4
512 × 512 image of a single specimen
50,000	1,307.3	499.5	1,398.9
100,000	2,613.6	993.4	1,404.4
200,000	5,226.0	1,982.0	1,428.2
400,000	10,452.6	3,976.6	1,445.6
800,000	failed	7,949.0	1,503.7
512 × 512 image of three specimens separated in z
50,000	1,307.2	505.3	4,092.2
100,000	2,617.1	1,000.1	4,131.7
200,000	5,230.6	1,985.6	4,170.4
400,000	10,458.8	3,961.5	4,182.5
800,000	failed	7,894.6	4,299.7