Table 1.

Total and regional bone ingrowth measurements from BSE imaging (mean ± standard deviation), presented as the area occupied (mm²) by bone ingrowth within the implants at time 0, 3, 6, and 12 weeks post-operation. Bone ingrowth is also calculated as a percent of the available void space (bone marrow) of the implants and as a percentage of the total area of the implant (bone marrow and titanium). Bone ingrowth at time zero indicates bone that was impacted into the implant during surgery.

		Beaded	Large pore foam	Small pore foam			Beaded	Large pore foam	Small pore foam			Beaded	Large pore foam	Small pore foam
Bone ingrowth (mm2)					Bone ingrowth (% void)					Bone ingrowth (% total)
0		0.1 ± 0.1	0.2 ± 0.1	0.1 ± 0.1	0		1.5 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 0.7	1.1 ± 0.7	0		0.6 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.6	0.8 ± 0.5
3		1.2 ± 0.6	1.4 ± 0.5	1.4 ± 0.2	3		18.3 ± 8.0	9.1 ± 3.1	9.5 ± 1.5	3		5.8 ± 2.6	7.1 ± 2.5	7.6± 1.3
6		1.3 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.3	6		18.9 ± 8.3	7.7 ± 2.4	7.8 ± 2.5	6		6.2 ± 2.3	5.2 ± 1.5	5.9 ± 1.9
12		1.7 ± 0.3	1.7 ± 0.3	1.5 ± 0.4	12		26.6 ± 6.1	11.4 ± 2.5	10.5 ± 1.8	12		8.1 ± 1.5	8.8 ± 1.6	8.0 ± 1.7
Bone ingrowth (mm2)					Bone ingrowth (% void)					Bone ingrowth (% total)
Time 0	Distal	0.1 ± 0.2	0.3 ± 0.1	0.2 ± 0.1	Time 0	Distal	1.7 ± 2.5	1.8 ± 1.0	1.5 ± 1.2	Time 0	Distal	0.6 ± 0.8	1.4 ± 0.7	1.1 ± 0.8
	Mid	0.1 ± 0.1	0.2 ± 0.2	0.1 ± 0.1		Mid	0.7 ± 0.8	1.5 ± 1.4	0.8 ± 0.8		Mid	0.4 ± 0.6	1.2 ± 1.1	0.6 ± 0.6
	Prox	0.2 ± 0.2	0.3 ± 0.2	0.1 ± 0.1		Prox	2.2 ± 3.1	1.8 ± 1.1	1.1 ± 0.7		Prox	0.9 ± 1.0	1.4 ± 0.9	0.8 ± 0.5
3 wks	Distal	1.7 ± 0.7	2.0 ± 1.2	2.5 ± 1.1	3 wks	Distal	25.8 ± 9.4	12.7 ± 7.4	17.3 ± 7.5	3 wks	Distal	8.3 ± 3.2	10.0 ± 6.0	13.9 ± 6.2
	Mid	0.9 ± 0.6	0.9 ± 0.9	0.9 ± 0.5		Mid	13.4 ± 8.7	5.8 ± 6.0	6.3 ± 3.4		Mid	4.2 ± 2.7	4.5 ± 4.8	4.9 ± 2.5
	Prox	1.0 ± 0.8	1.3 ± 0.7	0.7 ± 0.3		Prox	15.6 ± 11.7	8.8 ± 5.4	5.0 ± 2.2		Prox	5.0 ± 3.9	6.7 ± 3.9	3.9 ± 1.8
6 wks	Distal	1.9 ± 1.0	1.9 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 1.1	6 wks	Distal	27.6 ± 12.9	14.8 ± 6.1	15.1 ± 7.8	6 wks	Distal	9.3 ± 4.8	9.9 ± 3.6	11.5 ± 5.9
	Mid	1.0 ± 0.6	0.5 ± 0.4	0.6 ± 0.4		Mid	14.8 ± 9.6	3.5 ± 3.2	4.2 ± 2.6		Mid	4.7 ± 2.9	2.4 ± 2.1	3.2 ± 2.0
	Prox	1.0 ± 0.6	0.6 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.2		Prox	14.3 ± 8.5	4.7 ± 3.5	4.0 ± 1.8		Prox	4.6 ± 2.6	3.3 ± 2.5	3.1 ± 1.3
12 wks	Distal	1.9 ± 0.7	1.5 ± 1.1	1.7 ± 1.3	12 wks	Distal	29.5 ± 12.4	9.8 ± 7.3	11.8 ± 9.0	12 wks	Distal	9.1 ± 3.5	7.6 ± 5.8	8.9 ± 7.0
	Mid	1.3 ± 0.6	1.5 ± 0.9	0.9 ± 0.8		Mid	21.3 ± 8.9	9.6 ± 6.5	6.8 ± 5.6		Mid	6.5 ± 2.7	7.4 ± 4.9	5.0 ± 4.0
	Prox	1.8 ± 0.7	2.2 ± 1.8	1.9 ± 1.7		Prox	29.0 ± 11.3	14.7 ± 11.1	13.0 ± 11.5		Prox	8.7 ± 3.4	11.5 ± 9.5	10.1 ± 9.5