Table 1.

Selected inflammatory genes and SNPs included in the study

Gene	Name	Major Function Related to Inflammation	Location	No. of SNPsa	SNP rs #	Nucleotide Change (Amino Acid Change)	Putatively Functional Location in Geneb	Also called
22				62
Interleukins
IL1A	Interleukin 1-alpha	Stimulates proliferation and activation of T, B, and other immune cells.	2q13	4	rs17561 rs2856841 rs2071374 rs1800587	Ex5+21G>T (A114S) IVS4-96T>C IVS4-109A>C Ex1+12C>T	Exon 5 Intron Intron Exon 1/899, 5'UTR
IL1B	Interleukin 1-beta	Stimulates proliferation and activation of T, B, and other immune cells.	2q14	3	rs16944 rs1143634 rs1143627	−1060T>C Ex5+14C>T (F105F) −580C>T	Intron Exon 5 Intron
IL4	Interleukin 4	Simulates proliferation of T and endothelium cells	5q31.1	6	rs2243250 rs2243248 rs2070874 rs2243267 rs2243268 rs2243290	−588C>T −1098G>T Ex1-168C>T IVS2-1520G>C IVS2-1443A>C IVS3-9C>A	Intron Intron Exon 1/5'UTR Intron Intron Intron
IL5	Interleukin 5	Induces differentiation of eosinophils and B cells	5q31.1	3	rs2069812 rs2069807 rs2069818	−745C>T −1551C>T Ex4+78C>A (T128T)	Intron Intron Exon 4
IL6	Interleukin 6	Induces differentiation of hematopoietic stem and other immune cells	7p15.3	3	rs1800795 rs1800796 rs1800797	−236C>G −635C>G −660A>G	Intron Intron Intron
IL8	Interleukin 8	Involved in neutrophil chemotaxis	4q12-q13	3	rs4073 rs2227307 rs2227306	−351A>T IVS1+230T>G IVS1-204C>T	Intron Intron Intron	IL8-251 IL8+396 IL8-781
IL10	Interleukin 10	Inhibits cytokine production of T helper 1 cells while stimulates T helper 2 cells	1q31-q32	5	rs3024496 rs3024491 rs1800871 rs1800872 rs1800896	Ex5+210T>C IVS1-286G>T −7334T>C −853C>T −6653A>C −1116A>G	3'UTR Intron Intron Intron Intron	IL10-819 IL10-824 IL10-854 IL10-592 IL10-595 IL10-627 IL10-1082 IL10-1087 IL10-1117
IL13	Interleukin 13	Stimulates growth and differentiation of B cells and inhibits T helper cells as well as inhibits production of macrophage inflammatory cytokines	5q31	3	rs1800925 rs1295686 rs20541	−1069C>T IVS3-24T>C Ex4+98A>G (Q144R)	Intron Intron Exon 4
IL16	Interleukin 16	Influences CD4+ T cell function	15q25.1	2	rs859 rs11325	Ex22+871A>G Ex22+889G>T	3'UTR 3’UTR
Interleukin Receptors
IL8RA	Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha	Signals neutrophil chemotaxis after binding its ligand (i.e., IL8)	2q35	1	rs2234671	Ex2+860G>C (S276T)	Exon 2
IL8RB	Interleukin 8 receptor, beta	Signals neutrophil chemotaxis after binding its ligand (i.e., IL8)	2q35	3	rs1126579 rs1126580 rs2230054	Ex3+1235T>C Ex3-1010G>A Ex3+811C>T (L262L)	Exon 3 3’UTR Exon 3	IL8RB1440
Other Inflammation-related Genes
PPARD	Peroxisome Proliferative activated receptor, delta	May suppress macrophage activity that leads to reduction of atherosclerotic change	6p21.2-p21.1	1	rs2016520	Ex4+15C>T	5'UTR
PPARG	Peroxisome Proliferative activated receptor, gamma	May be involved in anti- inflammatory processes through its ability to inhibit transcription factors of pro-inflammatory genes; can be activated by some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	3p25	2	rs2938392 rs3856806	IVS7+35G>A Ex10+161C>T (H477H)	Intron Exon 10
RNASEL	Ribonuclease L	Encodes an interferon-inducible ribonuclease	1q25	2	rs486907 rs11072	Ex1-96G>A (R462Q) Ex6-560T>C	Exon 1 3'UTR	R462Q
SOD2	Superoxide dismutase 2	Regulates inflammation through reactions with reactive oxygen species	6q25.3	1	rs4880	Ex2+24T>C (V16A)	Exon 2
MPO	Myeloperoxidase	Regulates inflammation through reactions with reactive oxygen species	17q23.1	2	rs2333227 rs2243828	−642G>A −764T>C	Intron Intron
NOS2	Nitric oxide synthase2	Controlled by inflammatory mediators and cytokines resulting in production of unregulated quantities of nitric oxide.	17q11.2-q12	2	rs944722 rs2297518	IVs20+524G>A Ex16+14C>T (S608L)	Intron Exon 16
NOS3	Nitric oxide synthase3	Produces nitric oxide in response to acute inflammation.	7q36	2	rs1799983 rs1007311	Ex8-63T>G (D298E) IVS7-26A>G	Exon 8 Intron
TGFB1	Transforming growth factor, beta 1	Maintains T cell homeostasis	19q13.2	2	rs1800469 rs1982073	308bp 3` of STP C>T Ex1-327C>T (P10L)	Intron Exon 1
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor	Inflammatory cytokine that promotes hyperlipidemia by increasing hepatic triglyceride production and decreasing clearance	6p21.3	7	rs1799964 rs1800630 rs1799724 rs1800750 rs1800629 rs361525 rs1800610	−1210T>C −1042C>A −1036T>C −555A>G −487A>G −427A>G IVS1+123G>A	Intron Intron Intron Intron Intron Intron Intron	TNF-301 TNF-863 TNF-857 TNF-367 TNF-308 TNF-238
VCAM1	Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	A cell surface glycoprotein of the Ig gene superfamily and may be responsible for recruiting immune cells to sites of active inflammation	1p32-p31	3	rs1041163 rs3176878 rs3176879	−1591C>T Ex9+20C>T (D601D) Ex9+149G>A (K644K)	Intron Exon 9 Exon 9
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor	Involved in inflammation-related angiogenesis	6p12	1	rs3025039	236bp 3’ of STP C>T EX8+259C>T	Exon 8/3'UTR	C936T

^aUNumber of SNPs typed in the study

^bUTR= Untranslated region