Table 3.
Quintile specific education indices by country
| Country | Q = 1 | Q = 2 | Q = 3 | Q = 4 | Q = 5 | All | Ratio Q5/Q1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Developing countries | |||||||
| Mozambique (2002/2003) | 0.436 | 0.463 | 0.464 | 0.468 | 0.528 | 0.474 | 1.211 |
| Burkina Faso (2003/2003) | 0.193 | 0.205 | 0.226 | 0.256 | 0.370 | 0.258 | 1.920 |
| Ethopia (2000/2000) | 0.265 | 0.317 | 0.361 | 0.423 | 0.537 | 0.390 | 2.030 |
| Guinea (1995/1999) | 0.268 | 0.381 | 0.389 | 0.428 | 0.407 | 0.361 | 1.520 |
| Cote d’Ivoire (1998/1999) | 0.373 | 0.424 | 0.456 | 0.498 | 0.555 | 0.450 | 1.486 |
| Zambia (2002/2002) | 0.554 | 0.620 | 0.667 | 0.728 | 0.784 | 0.665 | 1.417 |
| Cameroon (2001/2004) | 0.505 | 0.579 | 0.624 | 0.656 | 0.699 | 0.622 | 1.383 |
| Ghana (1998/1998) | 0.475 | 0.581 | 0.625 | 0.672 | 0.737 | 0.605 | 1.552 |
| Madagascar (2001/1997) | 0.523 | 0.678 | 0.693 | 0.734 | 0.931 | 0.671 | 1.781 |
| India (1999/1997) | 0.548 | 0.629 | 0.690 | 0.705 | 0.700 | 0.640 | 1.276 |
| South Africa (2000/1998) | 0.836 | 0.84 | 0.846 | 0.846 | 0.846 | 0.843 | 1.012 |
| Kyrgyz Republic (1997/1998) | 0.897 | 0.911 | 0.927 | 0.936 | 0.955 | 0.919 | 1.065 |
| Guatemala (1995/2000) | 0.575 | 0.677 | 0.753 | 0.814 | 0.867 | 0.709 | 1.509 |
| Nicaragua (2001/2001) | 0.723 | 0.739 | 0.775 | 0.801 | 0.840 | 0.774 | 1.163 |
| Vietnam (2004/2002) | 0.766 | 0.790 | 0.804 | 0.848 | 0.862 | 0.813 | 1.125 |
| Bolivia (2002/2003) | 0.734 | 0.847 | 0.903 | 0.938 | 0.970 | 0.885 | 1.322 |
| Indonesia (2000/2003) | 0.746 | 0.807 | 0.84 | 0.874 | 0.921 | 0.832 | 1.234 |
| Paraguay (1990/1998) | 0.805 | 0.831 | 0.866 | 0.892 | 0.903 | 0.864 | 1.122 |
| Colombia (2003/2005) | 0.798 | 0.845 | 0.878 | 0.899 | 0.944 | 0.874 | 1.183 |
| Peru (2000/1994) | 0.848 | 0.846 | 0.884 | 0.910 | 0.919 | 0.885 | 1.084 |
| Brazil (1996/1997) | 0.682 | 0.854 | 0.935 | 0.986 | 1.000 | 0.888 | 1.467 |
| Industrialized countries | |||||||
| Poland (1999) | 0.905 | 0.926 | 0.938 | 0.968 | 1.000 | 0.952 | 1.105 |
| Germany (2000) | 0.918 | 0.926 | 0.960 | 0.972 | 0.992 | 0.954 | 1.080 |
| Italy (2000) | 0.931 | 0.924 | 0.943 | 0.973 | 1.000 | 0.965 | 1.074 |
| Spain (2000) | 0.900 | 0.908 | 0.949 | 0.970 | 1.000 | 0.971 | 1.112 |
| USA (2000) | 0.923 | 0.945 | 0.965 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.968 | 1.083 |
| Finnland (2000) | 0.969 | 0.963 | 0.981 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.993 | 1.032 |
| France (2000) | 0.946 | 0.957 | 0.961 | 0.977 | 1.000 | 0.978 | 1.057 |
| Netherlands (1999) | 0.968 | 0.968 | 0.970 | 0.992 | 0.999 | 0.985 | 1.032 |
| Sweden (2000) | 0.973 | 0.959 | 0.959 | 0.972 | 0.981 | 0.974 | 1.008 |
| Canada (2000) | 0.974 | 0.968 | 0.981 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.991 | 1.026 |
| Australia (2001) | 0.976 | 0.977 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.993 | 1.024 |
Note: For developing countries the years in brackets refer to the respective survey years. The first year refers to the HIS data set, the second to the DHS data set. All indices are rescaled to UNDP’s reported HDI value of the year 2008
Source: Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), Household Income Survey (HIS), and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) (see Table 5 in Appendix); calculations by the authors