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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Genet Epidemiol. 2010 Jan;34(1):7–15. doi: 10.1002/gepi.20427

Figure I. An overview of the case-only study design for detecting GxE interactions related to disease risk and disease outcome.

Figure I

(A) A hypothetical cohort of individuals is drawn from a population of interest and classified according to presence or absence of G and E. Individuals are then classified according to disease and disease outcome status. Actual data is collected on individuals in categories shown in bold, for case-only studies of risk (D+) and outcome (O+). (B) The key association measures for case-only studies are dependent upon assumptions related to G-E associations in the source population.