Table 1.
Characteristics of 3132 Participants
| Variable | |
|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (± SD) | 76.4 (± 5.6) |
| Frailty status by CHS index, n (%) | |
| Robust | 1007 (32) |
| Intermediate | 1688 (54) |
| Frail | 437 (14) |
| Frailty status by SOF index, n (%) | |
| Robust | 1379 (44) |
| Intermediate | 1336 (43) |
| Frail | 417 (13) |
| Individual CHS index components | |
| Unintentional weight loss*, n (%) | 363 (12) |
| Weakness, n (%) | 754 (24) |
| Poor energy, n (%) | 1401 (45) |
| Slowness, n (%) | 624 (20) |
| Low physical activity level, n (%) | 625 (20) |
| Individual SOF index components | |
| Weight loss†, n (%) | 613 (20) |
| Inability to rise from chair‡, n (%) | 206 (7) |
| Poor energy, n (%) | 1401 (45) |
| ≥2 falls during 1st year, n (%) | 441 (14) |
| ≥1 new IADL impairment§, n (%) | 359 (12) |
| ≥1 incident nonspine fracture, n (%) | 169 (5) |
| Deaths, n (%) | 204 (7) |
*
Unintentional weight loss of 5% or more during the 3.4 years prior the exam
†
Weight loss of 5% or more during the 3.4 years prior to the exam
‡
Inability to rise from a chair five times without using the arms
§
A total of 2891 men completed initial and follow-up IADL assessment
Abbreviations: CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; SOF, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living