Table 1.

Comparison of participants according to initially-prescribed nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone for antiretroviral therapy in Lusaka, Zambia (July 1, 2007 to January 31, 2009).

	Tenofovir + emtricitabine (N = 6,900)		Zidovudine + lamivudine (N = 2,446)			Stavudine + lamivudine (N = 1,139)
	N	Value	N	Value	P*	N	Value	P*
Age, median years (IQR)	6,900	35 (30, 41)	2,446	34 (29, 39)	< 0.01	1,139	33 (28, 39)	< 0.01
Male, %	3,373	48.9%	912	37.3%	< 0.01	333	29.2%	< 0.01
BMI, median (IQR)	6,828	20.1 (18.2, 22.2)	2,415	21.1 (18.9, 23.8)	< 0.01	1,127	20.9 (18.8, 23.5)	< 0.01
≥ 16 kg/m2	6,431	94.2%	2,320	96.1%	< 0.01	1,078	95.7%	0.05
< 16 kg/m2	397	5.8%	95	3.9%		49	4.3%
Baseline CD4, median (IQR)	6,845	149 (84, 210)	2,422	171 (105, 228)	< 0.01	1,124	176 (103, 259)	< 0.01
≥ 200	1,986	29.0%	886	36.6%	< 0.01	436	38.8%	< 0.01
≥ 50 to < 200	3,970	58.0%	1,312	54.2%		562	50.0%
< 50	889	13.0%	224	9.2%		126	11.2%
Baseline hemoglobin, median (IQR)	6,900	11.8 (10.8, 12.9)	2,446	12.0 (11.2, 13.1)	< 0.01	1,139	11.0 (10.4, 12.3)	< 0.01
≥ 14 g/dL	728	10.6%	295	12.1%	< 0.01	106	9.3%	< 0.01
≥ 12 to < 14 g/dL	2,406	34.9%	994	40.6%		255	22.4%
≥ 10 to < 12 g/dL	3,766	54.6%	1,157	47.3%		778	68.3%
Tuberculosis (active)	924	13.4%	201	8.2%	< 0.01	99	8.7%	< 0.01
WHO Stage
Stage I or II	2,531	37.0%	1,283	52.8%	< 0.01	554	49.6%	< 0.01
Stage III	3,882	56.7%	1,033	42.5%		499	44.6%
Stage IV	436	6.4%	112	4.6%		65	5.8%
Serum creatinine, median (IQR)	6,900	66 (54, 79)	2,446	61 (50, 72)	< 0.01	1,139	60 (48, 73)	< 0.01
≥120	6,842	99.2%	2,435	99.6%	0.05	1,129	99.1%	0.89
< 120	58	0.8%	11	0.4%		10	0.9%
Third ART drug
Nevirapine	3,007	43.6%	2,209	90.3%	< 0.01	1,002	88.0%	< 0.01
Efavirenz	3,893	56.4%	237	9.7%		137	12.0%
Follow-up days, median (IQR)	6,900	208 (89, 348)	2,446	306 (131, 479)	< 0.01	1,139	275 (122, 455)	< 0.01

^*Compared to patients initiating tenofovir. BMI = body mass index, WHO = World Health Organization, ART = antiretroviral therapy, IQR = intraquartile range