Sampling of plant material and profiles of DE genes. A, Central region of a barley spike. One floret was removed to determine the onset of flowering. At 12 d.p.a., the five barley caryopses closest to the floret used for determination of the onset of anthesis were harvested (white asterisks). B, Prior to pooling and freezing the samples, awns and possibly remaining anthers were removed from the caryopses. C, Expression profile of 2,091 DE genes during the diurnal cycle. Six time points of harvest in dark and light phases are indicated on the x axis as follows: beginning and end of the dark phase (1 and 9 h), beginning of the light phase (10 h), middle of the light phase (17 and 20 h), and end of the light phase (23 h).