. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 3.

Published in final edited form as: JAMA. 2009 Jan 21;301(3):286–294. doi: 10.1001/jama.2008.1022

Table 1.

Clinical Characteristics

Variables	Normal n=1784	Mild DD n=785	Moderate/Severe DD n=298
Resting
Age, years	53±11	67±9^*	66±11^*
Male	964 (54%)	433 (55%)	172 (53%)
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	123±18	130±19^*	131±19^*
Pulse pressure, mmHg	48 ±15	54±16^*	56±16^*
Heart rate, beats/min	74±13^ψ ^ξ	76±14^*^ξ	78±13^*^ψ
Body mass index, kg/m²	27±5^ψ ^ξ	28±4^*^ξ	29±6^*^ψ
History CAD	162 (9%)	138 (18%)^*	60 (20%)^*
History of diabetes mellitus	107 (6%)	126 (16%)^*	57 (18%)^*
History of hypertension	676 (38%)	496 (63%)^*	232 (71%)^*^ψ
Current/previous smoker	750 (42%)	368 (47%)^*	157 (48%)^*
History of hyperlipidemia	1015 (57%)	560 (71%)^*	232 (71%)^*
Calcium channel blocker	99 (5%)	106 (13%)^*	48 (16%)^*
Beta-blocker	367 (21%)	252 (32%)^*	167 (56%)^*^ψ
ACE/ARB	294 (16%)	257 (33%)^*	113 (38%)^*
Peak Exercise
Duration exercise, min	9.7±2.6^ψ ^ξ	7.6±2.3^*^ξ	7.0±2.1^*^ψ
Exercise capacity, METs	10.7±2.6^ψ ^ξ	8.5±2.3^*^ξ	8.0±2.1^*^ψ
Peak heart rate, beats/min	155±21	140±21	132±22
Heart rate increase, beats/min	81±19^ψ ^ξ	64±18^*^ξ	64±19^*^ψ
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	165±23^ψ ^ξ	166±24	165±25
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	79±12	81±42	78±13

Pairwise comparisons of continuous data performed with analysis of variance using Tukey HSD.

p<0.05 compared to patients with normal diastolic function

^ψ

p<0.05 compared to patients with mild diastolic function.

^ξ

p<0.05 compared to patients with moderate/severe diastolic function.

Data are mean ± SD or numbers with percentages in parentheses. CAD=coronary artery disease, ACE=angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor,

ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker.

Heart rate increase = peak exercise heart rate-baseline heart rate.