Table 2.

Putative effectors and toxins encoded by the WO genomes of different Wolbachia strains

	Wolbachia strains
Effector or toxin	wCauBa	wRib	wPipc	wMeld	wKuee	wWilf	wAnag	wMunih	Putative function
SpvB	B3gp45i								Interaction with host insect cells [29]
VrlA/ VrlC.1	B1gp15, B2gp29, B3gp30	WRi_007010 pseudogene	WPa_1322, WPa_0440 pseudogene	WD0580		Wendoof_ 01000548	WwAna1071	WUni_ 000700	Secretion into host insect cells [28]
VrlC.2	B1gp16, B2gp30, B3gp31	WRi_007020	WPa_0441, WPa_1323	WD0579		Wendoof_ 01000385			Secretion into host insect cells [28]
Patatin	B2gp45, B3gp44	WRi_06880	WPa_1340, WPa_272, WPa_0455	WD0565		Wendoof_ 01000457	WwAna0164		Entry into host cells
RhuM		WRi_005660, WRi_010320	WPa_431	WD0259	gp8				Unknown
Addiction module toxin		WRi_005580	WPa_1330	WD0269, WD0600		Wendoof_ 01000378	WwAna0127	WUni_ 002995	Killing of cells lacking WO
DNA methylase		WRi_005640, WRi_010300	WPa_0258, WPa_0317, WPa_0429, WPa_1310	WD0263, WD0594		Wendoof_ 01000687, Wendoof_ 01000839	WwAna0008		Methylation of host DNA, protection of phage against restriction enzymes

^aPhages WOCauB1 (Accession No. AB161975.2), WOCauB2 (AB478515.1) and WOCauB3 (AB478516.1) from wCauB of Cadra cautella [28,29]

^bProphages from the wRi genome of Drosophila simulans Riverside (NC_012416) [8]

^cProphages from the wPip genome of Culex quinquefasciatus Pel (NC_010981) [30]

^dProphages from the wMel genome of Drosophila melanogaster (AE17196) [10]

^eProphage WO from wKue of Ephestia kuehniella (AB036666.1) [22]

^fProphage homologs from wWil of Drosophila willistoni (NZ_AAQP00000000)

^gProphage homologs from wAna of Drosophila ananassae (NZ_AAGB00000000)

^hProphage homologs from wMuni of Muscidifurax uniraptor (NZ_ACFP00000000)

ⁱAll gene numbers refer to the primary annotation of each genome in GenBank.