Gene expression of BMSCs relative to passage 2, monolayer cells at day 0; cultured in control (Cntl) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-supplemented (+TGF) medium and encapsulated in agarose (Ag), RAD16-I (RAD), or KLD12 (KLD). (A) Type I collagen, (B) type II collagen, (C) aggrecan, (D) SOX-9, (E) osteocalcin, and (F) PPAR-γ. All scaffolds were measured at the same timepoints, but offset for readability. Values are shown as mean + standard error of the mean; n = 3 animals; ⋆ versus Cntl medium; # or § versus day 1 or 4, respectively; p < 0.05.