Table 2.

Descriptions of hypothetical research scenarios

Sleep disturbances and stress

This scenario was adapted from a study by Vosvick and colleagues (2004). Participants would complete 4 questionnaires on the kinds of stress they are experiencing; the availability of social supports; the amount of pain they may be having; and any difficulties in falling asleep or staying asleep. Researchers would obtain blood test results for screening for drug use from the medical records of participants. The study would involve a one-time visit to the clinic and would take 90 minutes to complete.

Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of a new medication

Features of this scenario included information that a new drug plus an older, approved drug would be tested against a placebo or “sugar pill” plus the older approved drug. Details about randomization and blinding procedures were described in lay terms. The drug to be tested was not named, but referred to only as “the new medication.” Examples of specific kinds of study drugs specific to different diseases were introduced later in the discussion. Other information included the requirement of an hour-long visit with the study assistant every week for 3 months; and a medical examination, chest x-ray, electrocardiogram (EKG) and blood tests at the beginning and end of the 3-month period.

Randomized, controlled trial of a new vaccine to prevent HIV-infection

This scenario was based on a study published by Coletti and colleagues (2003). Procedures included initial screening for HIV infection and risk factors (e.g., sexual history; drug use). Persons who were both HIV negative and at risk for HIV infection would be invited to continue participation. Details about randomization and blinding procedures were described in lay terms. The participant would undergo a medical examination, chest x-ray, EKG and blood tests at the beginning and end of this 12-month study and would be required to have a clinic visit and blood test once a month. Other information included the possibility of decreased immunity, false positive HIV tests and protection from HIV infection if the vaccine should work, for those who receive the vaccine.