(a) Mice were infused with 1011 genome copies (gc) of either AAV-empty vector (AAV-ev) or AAV-hIFN-β by stereotaxic injection of the striatum (six mice per group). Two weeks after injection, 105 U87 glioma cells stably expressing luciferase and mCherry as well as expressing a constitutively active epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant III (U87fluc-mCherry-EGFRvIII) were implanted into the same site as vector and mice were imaged for tumor-associated bioluminescent signal at the indicated time points post-tumor injection. ND=, not detectable. (b) Representative bioluminescent images of mice injected with AAV-ev (left image) or AAV-CBA-hIFN-β (right image), both at day 21 post-tumor implantation. Corresponding hematoxylin and eosin–stained coronal brain sections from either AAV-ev-treated animals (left image, day 21 post-tumor) or AAV-CBA-hIFN-β-treated animals (right image, day 53 post-tumor).CBA, chicken β-actin; hIFN-β, human interferon-β.