TABLE 3.
Summary of classification schemes/staging systems for heart involvement in chronic Chagas' diseasea
| Classification scheme or staging system (reference) |
|---|
| First stage, indeterminate form |
| No evidence of heart involvement by: |
| ECG and CXR (stage 0 KC) (177) |
| ECG, echocardiogram, and signs of CHF (stage IA MLAC) (69) |
| ECG, echocardiogram, CXR, and NYHA functional class (stage A-ACC/AHA) (15, 151) |
| Second stage: CCC without signs or symptoms of heart failure |
| Evidence of structural heart disease by: |
| ECG +/− CXR (stage I-II KC) (177) |
| ECG +/− echocardiogram (stage A-B2 BCC) (3) |
| Echocardiogram +/− ECG (stage IB-II MLAC) (69) |
| ECG (stage B A-ACC/AHA) (15, 151) |
| Third stage: compensated CCC |
| Takes into account symptoms |
| Compensated CHF (stage C BCC) (3) |
| NYHA II-III (stage C A-ACC/AHA) (15, 151) |
| Fourth stage: overt, refractory, or advanced CCC |
| Includes: |
| Stage III from the KC and the MLAC (69, 177) |
| Stage D from the BCC and the A-ACC/AHA classification (3, 15, 151) |
a
According to the modified Kuschnir classification (KC), the Brazilian Consensus classification (BCC), the modified Los Andes classification (MLAC), and the classification incorporating American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) staging (A-AAA/AHA) (3, 15, 69, 151, 177). CXR, chest radiograph; CHF, congestive heart failure; NYHA, New York Heart Association.