TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Variablea | Appropriate antibiotic therapy | Inappropriate antibiotic therapy | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 522 | 238 | |
| Mean age (yr) ± SD | 59.9 ± 16.5 | 57.7 ± 15.8 | 0.082 |
| No. of males (%) | 283 (54.2) | 116 (48.7) | 0.161 |
| Infection onset source | |||
| Community acquired | 58 (11.1) | 14 (5.9) | 0.023 |
| Healthcare-associated community onset | 210 (40.2) | 59 (24.8) | <0.001 |
| Healthcare-associated hospital onset | 254 (48.7) | 165 (69.3) | <0.001 |
| Underlying comorbidities | |||
| CHF | 94 (18.0) | 51 (21.4) | 0.275 |
| COPD | 89 (17.0) | 48 (20.2) | 0.310 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 60 (11.5) | 49 (20.6) | 0.001 |
| Hemodialysis | 48 (9.2) | 30 (12.6) | 0.158 |
| Liver disease | 57 (10.9) | 38 (16.0) | 0.058 |
| Active malignancy | 179 (34.3) | 64 (26.9) | 0.042 |
| Neutropeniab | 44 (8.4) | 14 (5.9) | 0.220 |
| Diabetes | 104 (19.9) | 65 (27.3) | 0.024 |
| Mean Charlson comorbidity score ± SD | 4.8 ± 3.7 | 4.8 ± 3.6 | 0.994 |
| Mean APACHE II score ± SD | 23.9 ± 6.7 | 23.2 ± 6.6 | 0.203 |
| ICU admission | 403 (77.2) | 197 (82.8) | 0.081 |
| Vasopressors | 303 (58.0) | 141 (59.2) | 0.756 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 269 (51.5) | 149 (62.6) | 0.004 |
| Dysfunctional organ systems | |||
| Cardiovascular | 323 (61.9) | 147 (61.8) | 0.976 |
| Respiratory | 304 (58.2) | 164 (68.9) | 0.005 |
| Renal | 285 (54.6) | 123 (51.7) | 0.454 |
| Hepatic | 40 (7.7) | 15 (6.3) | 0.502 |
| Hematologic | 152 (29.1) | 79 (33.2) | 0.257 |
| Neurologic | 33 (6.3) | 14 (5.9) | 0.872 |
| ≥2 dysfunctional organ systems | 352 (67.4) | 175 (73.5) | 0.091 |
| Source of bloodstream infection | |||
| Lungs | 186 (35.6) | 114 (47.9) | 0.001 |
| Urinary tract | 169 (32.4) | 60 (25.2) | 0.046 |
| Central venous catheter | 45 (8.6) | 12 (5.0) | 0.102 |
| Intra-abdominal | 94 (18.0) | 47 (19.7) | 0.567 |
| Unknown | 38 (7.3) | 13 (5.5) | 0.435 |
| Prior antibioticsc | 172 (33.0) | 144 (60.5) | <0.001 |
a
The values represent the “number of subjects (%)” except as noted. CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; APACHE, acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation; ICU, intensive care unit.
b
Fewer than 500 neutrophils per mm3 of blood.
c
That is, in the preceding 30 days.