FIG. 2.

CVS infection but not mock infection induces formation of 4-HNE-labeled axonal swellings. Fluorescence microscopy showing mock-infected (A, C, and E) and CVS-infected (B, D, and F) DRG neurons at 72 h p.i. β-Tubulin is a marker of DRG neuronal cell bodies and axons (red), and expression of β-tubulin in CVS-infected neurons (B) showed multiple axonal swellings, but a lack of axonal swellings in mock-infected neurons (A). 4-HNE (green) was poorly expressed in the axons of mock-infected DRG neurons (C), but showed greater expression in the axons of CVS-infected neurons and accumulation in regions with axonal swellings (D). In CVS-infected neurons, the merging of signals for β-tubulin and 4-HNE (yellow) showed there was strong expression of these elements in axons, both with axonal swellings (arrowheads) and without axonal swellings (arrow) (F) but not in mock-infected neurons (E).