Table 4.
ORs [95% CI] for quartile 4 versus quartile 1 of β-carotene, vitamin E, and folate intake and presence of MA (ACR 25 to 355 μg/mg) or eGFR decline ≥30%
| MA (ACR 25 to 355 μg/mg) | eGFR Decline ≥30% | |
|---|---|---|
| Total β-carotene | ||
| age-adjusted | 0.99 [0.65, 1.49] | 0.56 [0.41, 0.78] |
| MVa + vitamin E + folate | 1.07 [0.66, 1.72] | 0.60 [0.42, 0.85] |
| Total vitamin E | ||
| age-adjusted | 1.19 [0.91, 1.76] | 0.64 [0.47, 0.87] |
| MVa + folate + β-carotene | 1.57 [0.97, 2.57] | 0.68 [0.47, 1.00] |
| Total folate | ||
| age-adjusted | 0.72 [0.48, 1.10] | 0.70 [0.52, 0.95] |
| MVa + vitamin E + β-carotene | 0.78 [0.46, 1.34] | 1.22 [0.80, 1.88] |
MV, multivariable.
a
Adjusted for age, hypertension, BMI, diabetes, cigarette smoking, activity (mets/wk), and cardiovascular disease. MA models also adjusted for eGFR and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin-type 2 receptor blocker medication use.