Table 1.

Descriptive Demographic Statistics for Study Sample (N=193)

Variable	n	%	Variable	n	%
Sampling Frame			Incomec
Convenience	109	56.5	< $10,000	8	4.1
Probability	84	43.5	$10,000 - $20,000	27	14.0
Reasons for Carea			$21,000 - $35,000	57	29.6
Parent Substance Abuse	100	51.8	$36,000 - $50,000	42	21.8
Parent Incarceration	91	47.2	$51,000 - $75,000	37	19.2
Removed from Parent Custody	61	31.6	$76,000 - $125,000	11	5.7
Physical or Emotional Abuse	57	29.5	> $125,000	3	1.6
Parent Mental /Health	56	29.0	Not Reported	8	4.1
Child Abandonment	47	24.4	Residential Locale
Teen Pregnancy	35	18.1	Large City	38	19.7
Parent Physical Health	26	13.5	Small City or Suburb	70	36.2
One Parent Deceasedb	9	4.7	Small Town	34	17.6
Other Reasons	30	15.5	Rural	49	25.4
Grandmother Race			Other	2	1.0
White	124	64.2	Legal Arrangements with Grandchild
Black	69	35.8	Formal Custody	71	36.8
Grandfather Race			Guardianship	55	28.5
White	123	63.7	Adoption	31	16.1
Black	70	36.3	Foster Parent	6	3.1
Relationship of Grandmother to			Currently Seeking	11	5.7
Grandchild's parent			None	19	9.8
Daughter/Step-Daughter	132	68.4
Son /Step-Son	61	31.6

^aRespondents were asked to report all reasons for assuming care of the target grandchild that applied to their situation.

^bGrandparents were excluded from study if the deceased parent was their own offspring.

^cMissing data were less that 10% and mean substitution was used for imputation in data analyses.