Table 2.
Baseline Values and Changes between the Baseline and the Completion Assessments in Exercise-Related and Clinical Outcome Measures
| Outcome | N | Baseline median (min, max) or proportion | Median change or odds ratio (95% CI)a | pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upper body strength (lb, % chg) | <0.001 | |||
| Chest press 1-RMc | 17 | 65 (13, 141) | 29.0 (8.2, 46.8) | 0.02 |
| Lat pulldown 1-RM | 17 | 110 (37, 158) | 24.1 (0.00, 40.2) | 0.06 |
| Shoulder press 1-RM | 17 | 48 (13, 95) | 20.0 (0.0, 55.3) | 0.03 |
| Pec dec 1-RM | 16 | 81 (11, 167) | 25.0 (16.4, 72.1) | 0.004 |
| Tricep extension 1-RM | 17 | 38 (12, 68) | 27.7 (10.5, 54.1) | 0.004 |
| Bicep curl 1-RM | 16 | 59 (5, 124) | 34.8 (13.3, 54.6) | <0.001 |
| R hand grip mean 1-RM | 17 | 57 (13, 112) | 8.1 (1.2, 29.6) | 0.002 |
| L hand grip mean 1-RM | 16 | 52 (9, 112) | 11.3 (1.9, 27.8) | 0.03 |
| Lower body strength (lb, % chg) | <0.001 | |||
| Leg press 1-RM | 16 | 94 (23, 236) | 35.9 (12.1, 128.6) | <0.001 |
| Leg extension 1-RM | 17 | 90 (5, 176) | 31.4 (17.8, 100.0) | <0.001 |
| Leg curl 1-RM | 16 | 56 (5, 115) | 49.5 (27.6, 103.9) | <0.001 |
| No. of sit upsd (N/min, % chg) | 13 | 31 (0.5, 42) | 38.7 (12.5, 94.7) | 0.006 |
| Sit and reach (cm, % chg) | 17 | 26.0 (9.5, 39.5) | 15.0 (7.0, 31.9) | <0.001 |
| Peak VO2 (ml/min/kg) | 16 | 24.0 (12.7, 38.3) | 3.0 (1.5, 6.0) | <0.001 |
| Overall adiposity | 0.66 | |||
| BMI z-score (SD, SDs toward zero) | 17 | 0.61 (−1.70, 2.57) | −0.04 (−0.27, 0.07) | 0.66 |
| DXAe total body % fat | 16 | 28.5 (5.9, 45.3) | −0.3 (−2.6, 1.9) | 1.00 |
| Fat centrality | 1.00 | |||
| DXA trunk % fat | 16 | 30.9 (5.1, 50.5) | −0.8 (−3.9, 3.9) | 1.00 |
| DXA trunk fat % of total fat mass | 16 | 41.2 (21.4, 78.6) | −0.2 (−3.1, 3.6) | 1.00 |
| Waist circumference (cm, % change) | 15 | 84.4 (49.0, 108.0) | 0.0 (−4.0, 5.4) | 1.00 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 15 | 0.85 (0.67, 1.02) | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.05) | 1.00 |
| DXA total lean mass (kg, % change) | 16 | 41.2 (15.0, 52.6) | 4.5 (2.4, 6.6) | <0.001 |
| CD4 (%) | 11 | 25.0 (0.0, 44.0) | 0.0 (−1.0, 5.0) | 1.00 |
| Viral load ≤10,000 copies/mlf | 10 | 0.60 | 2.00 (0.10, 117.99) | 1.00 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 10 | 85 (56, 205) | −15 (−81, 13) | 0.34 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 10 | 140 (103, 188) | −1 (−16, 79) | 1.00 |
| HDL/LDL ratio | 9 | 0.59 (0.33, 0.91) | 0.02 (−0.06, 0.07) | 0.29 |
Hodges–Lehmann estimate and exact 95% CI associated with the sign test for continuous outcomes or odds ratio and 95% CI from exact conditional logistic regression for dichotomous outcomes. Confidence intervals for individual measures were Bonferroni adjusted within each multi-measure construct.
p Values refer to the test of no change in outcomes. The exact sign test was used for continuous outcomes and for dichotomous outcomes, exact conditional logistic regression was used. p Values for individual measures were Bonferroni adjusted within each multi-measure construct. The p value reported for a multi-measure construct is the minimum of the Bonferroni-adjusted p values for its constituent measures.
1-RM, 1 repetition maximum weight.
Actual minimum of zero replaced by 0.5 so that percentage changes could be calculated.
DXA, dual x-ray absorptiometry.
Proportion or odds ratio.