TABLE 1.
Autoantibodies commonly associated with chronic liver disease
| Autoantibody | Target | Notable association |
|---|---|---|
| Nucleus | ||
| Antinuclear antibodies | Nuclear membranes and DNA (general) | Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis |
| Histones | Nucleosomes | Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis |
| Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies | Neutrophil granules | Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis |
| Microsomal | ||
| Liver kidney microsome-1 | Mitochondrial enzyme CYP450 2D6 | Type 2 autoimmune hepatitis |
| Mitochondrial | ||
| Antimitochondrial antibodies | ATPase-associated antigens of the inner mitochondrial membrane | Primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis |
| Smooth muscle | ||
| Antismooth muscle antibodies | Fibroblast actin, tubulin and intermediate filaments (general) | Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis,primary biliary cirrhosis |
| Actin* | F-actin specifically | Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis |
| Cytosol | ||
| Soluble liver and pancreas antigen* | Glucuronyltransferase repressor transfer RNA-associated protein | Autoimmune hepatitis |
| Liver cytosol-1* | Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase | Type 2 autoimmune hepatitis |
*
Cannot be measured outside the research setting