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Cellular cholesterol synthesis and transport. Cholesterol is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and distributed to different membranes, principally to the plasma membrane, bypassing the Golgi. In addition, cholesterol from the ER or coming from endosomes (through low-density lipoprotein receptor–mediated cholesterol uptake) also can be targeted to the mitochondria through the action of a cholesterol-transfer protein, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR).
