Table 2.
Factors associated with provider awareness of CKD and CKD risk factors.
| Measure of awareness |
||
|---|---|---|
| Factor | Increased identification of CKD |
Increased understanding of CKD risk factors |
| Demographic37,38,40 | ||
| <10 years of clinical practice |
+ | + |
| Age Female gender | ○ | |
| African-American or other racial minority |
○ | |
| Practice Characteristics37,40 | ||
| <50% practicing clinical medicine |
+ | |
| Size of practice | ○ | |
| Practice setting (academic center vs community hospital vs private practice) |
○ | |
| Geographic location % of patient panel with CKD, as definted by laboratory data |
||
| Urban practice | ○ | |
| Specialty37,40 | ||
| Family Pracitioner | − | − |
| Internist | + | + |
| Nurse Practitioner/Physician Assistant |
||
| Residency Training Characteristics38 | ||
| US training program | ○ | |
| University vs. community program |
○ | |
| Program with an in- house nephrology fellowship program |
||
| Participation in an inpatient nephrology elective rotation |
||
| Participation in a CKD clinic |
||
| Presence of an Educational curriculum on nephrology for residents |
||
+, positive effect; −, negative effect; ○, no effect. and blank cell, unknown effect. Effect summarized from peer-reviewed published literature only; superscript numbers represent citations.