Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 May;110(5):753–762. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.02.005

Table 2.

Mediation in the Nutritional Literature

Observational Studies with Data Gathered at a Single Time Point
First Author
(Reference No.)
Subjects Predictor/Independent
Variable
Dependent/Outcome
Variable
Purported Mediator(s)
Annus (38) US collegiate
women
Family experiences
(teasing, modeling)
Disordered eating Expectancies for life improvement
from thinness
Bere (39) Norwegian
adolescents
Gender Fruit & vegetable intake Accessibility, preferences & self-
efficacy
Beydoun (40) Cross-section
US adults
Nutrition knowledge &
beliefs
Diet quality Away from home food experiences
Beydoun (41) Cross-section
US adults
Income & education Diet quality Perceived barriers food prices &
benefits of quality diet
Beydoun (42) NHANES data Ethnicity/race Obesity & index metabolic
syndrome
Dairy food group intake
Brown (43) Adults with
mental illness
Mental performance
composite score
Grocery shopping skills Grocery shopping knowledge
Brug (44) European school
children
Gender Fruit & vegetable intake Accessibility, modeling &
preferences
Caperchione (45) Australian adults BMI Intentions for physical
activity
Attitudes, behavior control &
subjective norms
Cerin (46) Australian adults Education, income,
household size
Physical activity Individual & environmental variables
Decaluwé (47) Flemish obese
adolescents
Parent characteristics &
behaviors
Psychological problems Parenting style (inconsistent
discipline)
Hanson (48) US high school
students
Income, parent education
& occupation
BMI Sedentary behaviors
Hesketh(49) Australian
families
Maternal education Children’s TV viewing 21 aspects family TV environment
Jago (50) Houston boy
scouts
Distance to food stores &
restaurants
Fruit & vegetable intake Food preferences & availability in
home
Janicke (51) US overweight
adolescents
Peer victimization Quality of life Depressive symptoms
Klepp (52) 11 year olds
from 9 European
countries
Exposure food
commercials on TV
Fruit & vegetable intake Attitudes & preferences about fruits & vegetables
Luyckx (53) Dutch adults
with type 1
diabetes
Identification diabetes
related problems
Depression Adaptive & maladaptive coping
Proper (54) Working
Australian adults
Education & income BMI Sitting on weekdays, weekends & in
leisure time
Mai (55) 8 to 10 year old
Canadian youth
Milk consumption Asthma Being overweight
Mond (56) Australian
women
Psychological functioning
& quality of life
Obesity Weight/shape concerns & binge-eating
Sacco (57) US adults with
type 2 diabetes
Behavioral adherence,
self-care, BMI
Depressions Symptoms diabetes & self-efficacy
Sawatzky (58) Elderly
Canadians
Chronic medical
conditions
Quality of life & functional
abilities
Leisure time activities
Shin (59) Korean children
grades 5 & 6
Obesity Self-esteem Body dissatisfaction
Wansink (60) French and US
college students
Country of origin BMI Internal & external cues of meal
cessation
Woo (61) US adolescents Race & parental education Obesity Breast feeding history
Zeller (62) Obese US
adolescents
Child obesity status Family dynamics & functioning Maternal distress
Observational Studies with Data Gathered at More than One Time Point
Franko (63) US adolescents Family meals Adolescent health (smoking, stress & disordered eating) Family cohesion & coping skills
Ornelas (64) US adolescents Perceived parental
influences
Vigorous physical activity
6 years later
Self esteem & depression at baseline
Walker (65) Jamaican
children
Early childhood stunting Psychological functioning Cognitive ability
Wansink (66) US secretaries Proximity & covering
candy dish
Candy intake Self perceived intake candy