Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics of subjects. Means (SE) adjusted for confounders (sex, age, and body mass index). Heart rate added in matches of diastolic filling
| No hypertension (n=849) | Mild hypertension (n=129) | White coat hypertension (n=160) | Sustained hypertension (n=538) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thickness: | ||||
| Septal wall (mm) | 10.2 (0.06) | 10.2 (0.17) | 10.6 (0.14)* | 11.5 (0.09)* |
| Posterior wall (mm) | 8.5 (0.05) | 8.7 (0.14) | 8.9 (0.11)* | 9.4 (0.08)* |
| Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (mm) | 47.7 (0.17) | 47.5 (0.42) | 47.5 (0.34) | 48.0 (0.23) |
| Relative wall thickness (%) | 39 (3) | 40 (8)* | 41 (7)* | 44 (4)* |
| Left ventricular mass (g/m) | 96.3 (1.1) | 96.6 (2.9) | 103.2 (2.4)* | 114.6 (1.6)* |
| Left atrial volume (ml) | 42.1 (0.5) | 42.4 (1.4) | 43.5 (1.1) | 45.9 (0.7) |
| Fractional shortening (%) | 35.3 (0.2) | 37.0 (0.6)* | 36.5 (0.5)* | 35.5 (0.3) |
| Cardiac output (l/min) | 4.5 (0.1) | 4.7 (0.2) | 4.5 (0.2) | 4.8 (0.1) |
| E/A ratio‡ | 1.28 (0.01) | 1.26 (0.04) | 1.28 (0.03) | 1.22 (0.02)* |
| Int E/A ratio§ | 2.03 (0.07) | 1.95 (0.08) | 1.94 (0.06) | 1.88 (0.04)* |
| Isovolumetric relaxation time (ms) | 76.3 (0.7) | 78.7 (1.9) | 78.0 (1.6) | 84.1 (1.1)* |
*
P<0.05 versus no hypertension.
‡
Ratio of early to late diastolic filling velocity.
§
Ratio of integrals of early and late diastolic velocity.