Mean repetition latencies (ms) by legality and testing block for training-vowel (panel a) and transfer-vowel (panel b) test trials, averaged across Experiments 1a through 2b. Error bars represent 95% inferential confidence intervals (Tryon, 2001). A 4 (Experiment) by 5 (block) by 2 (vowel-type) by 2 (legality) ANOVA with Experiment as a between-subjects factor, revealed no main effect of Experiment, F(3,140) = 1.67, p = .18, a main effect of legality, F(1,140) = 72.15, p < .001, a main effect of block, F(4,560) = 26.60, p < .001, reflecting speeding up across blocks, but no vowel-type by legality interaction, F(1,140) = 2.49, p = .12, and no interactions involving testing block and legality, Fs < 1.14, ps > .33. The only other significant effects in the combined analysis were an interaction of block by experiment, F(12,560) = 2.18, p = .01, reflecting variation in the degree to which latencies decreased across blocks in different experiments, a main effect of vowel-type, F(1,140) = 81.90, p < .001, and an interaction of vowel-type by experiment, F(3,140) = 31.03, p < .001, reflecting the variation in the direction of the effect of vowel-type across experiments, as discussed in the text.