Table 1. Characteristics of studies that took blood samples peri-operatively.
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Outcome result
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| First author | Year | No. of pts | Median age (years) | Dukes/TNM stage | Blood sampling site | Time sample taken | Cellular marker used | Assay method | Positivity rate (%) | Outcome measured | CTC +ve | CTC −ve | Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
| Chen | 2004 | 42 | 64.2 | 1–4 | P | 3 day preop, peri-op, 14 days post | GCC | R | — | DFS at 36 months | No correl | No correl | Not stated |
| Ito | 2002 | 99 | — | 1–3 | P | Immed preop, immed postop | CEA | R | 50.5 | DFS at 58 months | 77% | 92% | Not stated |
| Katsumata | 2006 | 57 | 66.1 | A, B, C, D | P | Intra-op | CEA CK19 CK20 | R | 42.1 | DFS at 5 years | 65.2% | 87.5% | 1.63 (CK20) 0.24 (CEA) (CI not stated) |
| Koch | 2006 | 90 | 66 | 2 | CV | Peri-op, 24 h post | CK20 | R | 24 | DFS at 5 years | 72% | 90% | Not stated |
| Lloyd | 2006 | 146 | 74 | 1, 2 | P | Preop, intra-op, 24 h post | CEA/LAMg2/CK-20/EphB4/MAT | R | 4 | Mean survival | 36.5% | 76% | Not stated |
| Sadahiro | 2005 | 100 | — | 1–3 | P, Po | Intra-op | CEA | R | 37 | DFS | No diff | No diff | 0.24 (0.05, 1.12) |
| Taniguchi | 2000 | 53 | 65 | A, B, C, D | P, Po, mes | Intra-op | CEA | R | 34 | DFS at 2 years | 50% | 74% | Not stated |
| Yamaguchi | 2000 | 52 | — | 1–4 | P, mes | Preop, intra-op | CEA CK20 | R | 44.4 | 1-year survival | 60% | 85% | 3.38 (periph CEA+CK20) (P=0.353) |
Abbreviations: CEA=carcinoembryonic antigen; CI=confidence interval; CK19=cytokeratin-19; CK20=cytokeratin-20; CTC=circulating tumour cell; CV=central venous; DFS=disease-free survival; GCC=guanylyl cyclase-C; hTERT=human telomerase reverse transciptase; LAMg2=laminin-5g2; MA=membrane array; MAT=matrilysin; mes=mesenteric; OS=overall survival; P=peripheral; Po=portal; R=reverse-transcriptase-PCR.