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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 10.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Heart Fail. 2010 Jan 27;3(2):294–305. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.903450

Figure 1.

Figure 1

BFT prevents ventricular dysfunction in type 1 DM. A, Representative pulsed Doppler images and table showing the effect of BFT on E/A ratio. E and A waves represent mitral valve velocity during early diastolic filling and atrial contraction, respectively (n=16 mice per group). B, Indexes of LV function assessed by echocardiography (n=16 per group). C (i–iii), Bar graphs showing the effect of BFT on LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), LV end-systolic pressure (LVESP), and maximum and minimum rates of developed pressure (dP/dt) at 16 weeks of treatment (n=12 per group). C (iv), Representative pressure-volume (PV) loops obtained by integrated measurement of LV pressure (Millar catheter) and volume (echocardiography). Values are mean±SD. BFT did not affect cardiac function in healthy mice (data not shown). STZ indicates streptozotocin. Results of pairwise comparison are as follows: *P<0.01 and **P<0.01 versus healthy controls; #P<0.01 and ##P<0.01 versus vehicle-treated diabetic mice.