Fig. 1.

Photomicrographs of slides of immunohistochemical staining for phosphorylated α-synuclein histopathology (PASH) in paraffin sections of the spinal cord, sympathetic ganglia and vagus nerve. Positive staining is black, the counterstain is neutral red. a The intermediolateral horn of the thoracic spinal cord of a subject with PD, showing immunoreactive fibers, puncta and perikaryal cytoplasmic inclusions. Calibration bar 80 µm. b, c Low and higher magnification images of the posterior root entry into the sacral spinal cord of a subject with DLB, showing immunoreactive neuronal perikaryal staining. Calibration bar in b 0.3 mm; in c 80 µm. d, e Low and higher magnification images of the anterior horn of the sacral spinal cord in a subject with PD, showing diffuse cytoplasmic perikaryal immunoreactivity of a large motorneuron. Calibration bar in d 0.5 mm; in e 60 µm. f Sacral spinal cord adjacent to the central canal of a subject with PD, showing immunoreactive swollen degenerating neurons or neurites. Calibration bar 80 µm. g, h Low and higher magnification images of a middle cervical sympathetic ganglion of a subject with DLB, showing frequent immunoreactive dystrophic neurites, puncta and neuronal perikaryal cytoplasmic inclusions. Calibration bar in g 0.1 mm; calibration bar in h 100 µm. i Small branch of the vagus nerve in a subject with PD, showing several immunoreactive nerve fibers. Calibration bar 60 µm