Table 1.

Contractile data from diaphragm of diabetic animals and age-matched controls.

Intact muscles
	4 days		4 weeks		8 weeks		14 weeks
	Control	Diabetic	Control	Diabetic	Control	Diabetic	Control	Diabetic	Insulin
	n = 7 (4)	n = 7 (4)	n = 9 (5)	n = 8 (4)	n = 10 (5)	n = 10 (5)	n = 7 (4)	n = 7 (4)	n = 8 (4)
Tmax (N/cm2)	25 ± 2.2	18 ± 1.2	25.5 ± 2.5	22.9 ± 1.5b	24.8 ± 2.1	20 ± 2.2c	25.3 ± 1.1	15.2 ± 1.2d	24.7 ± 2.3e
Fatigue (%Tmax)	16 ± 2	17 ± 2	10 ± 1.5	19.5 ± 1b	12 ± 2	24 ± 2c	15 ± 1	5 ± 1d	20 ± 6e
Recovery (%Tmax)	80 ± 5	52 ± 6a	62 ± 4	65 ± 7	70 ± 2	88 ± 3c	82 ± 5	39 ± 4d	78 ± 6e
Skinned fibers
	n = 12(3)	n = 9 (3)		n = 8 (3)		n = 9 (3)		n = 12 (4)	n = 12 (4)
Fmax (N/cm2)	23 ± 3.1	17.3 ± 2.2*		21 ± 1.1#		19.5 ± 1.8#		14.5 ± 2.8*	23.8 ± 3.8$
pCa50	5.62 ± 0.03	5.46 ± 0.05*		5.70 ± 0.12#		5.87 ± 0.02#		5.33 ± 0.04*	5.63 ± 0.07$
N	4.45 ± 0.22	3.55 ± 0.09*		3.25 ± 0.22#		2.85 ± 0.12#		3.35 ± 0.20*	4.23 ± 0.18$

n represents the number of individual muscle preparations studied while the number in parenthesis indicates the number of animals from which the fibers were isolated.

^aT_max and recovery decreased in diabetic muscles (P < .05)

^bT_max decreased and recovery enhanced in diabetic muscles (P < .05)

^cT_max decreased, fatigue reduced and recovery enhanced in diabetic muscles (P < .05)

^dT_max decreased, fatigue increased and recovery decreased in diabetic muscles (P < .05)

^eT_max, fatigue and recovery returned to control levels in diabetic muscles treated with insulin (P < .05)

*F_max reduced, pCa50 reduced (less sensitive) and N decreased (reduced cooperativity) in diabetic fibers (P < .05)

^#F_max reduced, pCa50 increased (more sensitive) and N decreased (reduced cooperativity) in diabetic fibers (P < .05)

^$F_max, pCa50 and N returned to control levels in diabetic fibers treated with insulin (P < .05).